Following its western neighbor into violence against Jews, the Free City of Danzig was the site of a night of terror. A widespread riot occurred against Jews in the city with many shops destroyed and synagogues desecrated and burned.
Unlike in Germany, there were protests against the violence by those in power. The League of Nations Commisioner, Dr. Burkhardt of Switzerland, lodged complaints against the pogroms but he was barely heard.
Showing posts with label Danzig. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Danzig. Show all posts
Sunday, December 14, 2008
Tuesday, November 25, 2008
Nuremberg Laws in Danzig
Yesterday, the Free City of Danzig was officially dominated by the Nazi Party from Germany. This was enacted by a vote of the Danzig Senate. This does not include the eastern neighbor Poland.
The Nuremberg Laws passed by the Nazis in the fall of 1935 are now in force in Danzig and applies to Jews regardless of nationality. The Nazi organ Vorposten, commenting on the action, ironically hopes that the Poles will be grateful to the Danzig government for its efforts to secure "racial purity" for the Free City's inhabitants.
Warsaw, however, does not see the situation in that light. It is understood that the Poles are preparing to protest this new discrimination.
The anti-Semitic drive, which began with the German excesses, continues unabated. Several Jewish-owned stores, which had reopened, closed again after the police had indicated that their reopening was a "provocation".
More than 100 Jews have been arrested during the last three days. Those who seemingly were Polish citizens were sent across the frontier. Many of them were arrested on the Polish side as deserters from the Army.
Danzig's great synagogue, damaged in the recent rioting, now is being torn down to enable the extension of the police station.
The adoption of the Nuremberg Laws is a violation of the Free City's constitution guaranteed by the League of Nations, but Commissioner Carl J. Burckhardt de Reynold is not expected to take any action. in fact, he is understood to be disillusioned and wishes to resign. The Nazis, naturally, would welcome the event.
One month ago there were widespread pogroms against Jews throughout the city-state.
The Nuremberg Laws passed by the Nazis in the fall of 1935 are now in force in Danzig and applies to Jews regardless of nationality. The Nazi organ Vorposten, commenting on the action, ironically hopes that the Poles will be grateful to the Danzig government for its efforts to secure "racial purity" for the Free City's inhabitants.
Warsaw, however, does not see the situation in that light. It is understood that the Poles are preparing to protest this new discrimination.
The anti-Semitic drive, which began with the German excesses, continues unabated. Several Jewish-owned stores, which had reopened, closed again after the police had indicated that their reopening was a "provocation".
More than 100 Jews have been arrested during the last three days. Those who seemingly were Polish citizens were sent across the frontier. Many of them were arrested on the Polish side as deserters from the Army.
Danzig's great synagogue, damaged in the recent rioting, now is being torn down to enable the extension of the police station.
The adoption of the Nuremberg Laws is a violation of the Free City's constitution guaranteed by the League of Nations, but Commissioner Carl J. Burckhardt de Reynold is not expected to take any action. in fact, he is understood to be disillusioned and wishes to resign. The Nazis, naturally, would welcome the event.
One month ago there were widespread pogroms against Jews throughout the city-state.
Monday, November 24, 2008
Seven Americans get Awards by Hitler
Seven Americans, including four University Professors and one lawyer, were awarded the merit cross of the Order of the German Eagle today by Chancellor Adolf Hitler.
Three of the professors, William Alpha Cooper, Karl Frederick Geiser and Frederick K. Krueger, received the order in the first degree. Professor Ralph Haswell Lutz, Fritz Hailer, a lawyer amd F.W. Elven received it in the second degree and E.C. Miller in the third.
Dr. William Alpha Cooper is professor Emeritus of Germanic Languages of Stanford University, California, having retired in 1934. He was born in Batesville, Ohio, in 1868. He studied at some point at the University of Bonn in Germany, the University of Leipzig and the University of Berlin. In 1934 he received an honorary degree from the University of Cologne.
He was for many years on the Stanford faculty and is a member of a number of American and German philological associations. In 1908 he translated Bielschowky's "Life of Goethe".
Dr Karl Frederick Geiser, a native of Iowa, has been a Professor of Political Science at Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio, where he resides since 1908. He has been teaching since 1893. He was a lecturer in Berlin, Marburg, Goettingen, Muenster, Danzig and Koenigsberg Universities in Germany during 1936 and 1937.
His "Democracy Versus Autocracy" was published in 1918 and in 1934 he published "American political ideals" in the German language.
Dr. Frederick Konrad Krueger, Professor of Political Science since 1923 at Wittenberg College in Springfield, Ohio, was born in Kottbus, Germany, in 1887. He studied at the University of Berlin and Tubingen University in Germany. He was naturalized as an American citizen in 1930.
He has been an exchange professor at Goettingen, Germany. He is the author of works in German and English, including "Government and Politics of the German Empire" (1915), and is a contributor to the encyclopedias of articles on Germany.
Dr. Ralph Haswell Lutz, a well-known historian is chairman of the Hoover War Library of Stanford University and dean of graduate study at Stanford. He is a native of Ohio and took his PhD at Heidelberg, Germany in 1910.
He served with the American Forces during the World War as first lieutenant of infantry, and was later in the American Military Mission in Berlin, the Supreme Economic Council in Paris and the special mission to Poland.
In a speech in Berlin in 1934, Dr. Krueger attacked the American press for making "no effort to understnad the new German soul or to play fair". He described the boycott of German goods as "a crime against America". He further went on to say that "[s]ome day America will be forced to deal with the problem presented by the Jew". He was then lecturing at the Nazi Academy for Political Sciences.
Three of the professors, William Alpha Cooper, Karl Frederick Geiser and Frederick K. Krueger, received the order in the first degree. Professor Ralph Haswell Lutz, Fritz Hailer, a lawyer amd F.W. Elven received it in the second degree and E.C. Miller in the third.
Dr. William Alpha Cooper is professor Emeritus of Germanic Languages of Stanford University, California, having retired in 1934. He was born in Batesville, Ohio, in 1868. He studied at some point at the University of Bonn in Germany, the University of Leipzig and the University of Berlin. In 1934 he received an honorary degree from the University of Cologne.
He was for many years on the Stanford faculty and is a member of a number of American and German philological associations. In 1908 he translated Bielschowky's "Life of Goethe".
Dr Karl Frederick Geiser, a native of Iowa, has been a Professor of Political Science at Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio, where he resides since 1908. He has been teaching since 1893. He was a lecturer in Berlin, Marburg, Goettingen, Muenster, Danzig and Koenigsberg Universities in Germany during 1936 and 1937.
His "Democracy Versus Autocracy" was published in 1918 and in 1934 he published "American political ideals" in the German language.
Dr. Frederick Konrad Krueger, Professor of Political Science since 1923 at Wittenberg College in Springfield, Ohio, was born in Kottbus, Germany, in 1887. He studied at the University of Berlin and Tubingen University in Germany. He was naturalized as an American citizen in 1930.
He has been an exchange professor at Goettingen, Germany. He is the author of works in German and English, including "Government and Politics of the German Empire" (1915), and is a contributor to the encyclopedias of articles on Germany.
Dr. Ralph Haswell Lutz, a well-known historian is chairman of the Hoover War Library of Stanford University and dean of graduate study at Stanford. He is a native of Ohio and took his PhD at Heidelberg, Germany in 1910.
He served with the American Forces during the World War as first lieutenant of infantry, and was later in the American Military Mission in Berlin, the Supreme Economic Council in Paris and the special mission to Poland.
In a speech in Berlin in 1934, Dr. Krueger attacked the American press for making "no effort to understnad the new German soul or to play fair". He described the boycott of German goods as "a crime against America". He further went on to say that "[s]ome day America will be forced to deal with the problem presented by the Jew". He was then lecturing at the Nazi Academy for Political Sciences.
Sunday, October 26, 2008
Lipski leaves Bertesgaden
Polish Ambassador Józef Lipski and German Foreign Minister Joachim von Robbentrop have had their meeting in the mountain retreat at Bertesgaden. Ambassador Lipski left yesterday after the one day meeting. The topic of discussion was indeed the Free City of Danzig. Ribbentrop demanded that Poland agree to Germany's annexation of the Free City of Danzig. Lipski refused.
The Free City of Danzig is administered by the League of Nations in accordance with the stipulation in Part III, Section XI of the Treaty of Versaille in 1919. Citizens of Danzig opposed this at the time.
The Free City of Danzig is administered by the League of Nations in accordance with the stipulation in Part III, Section XI of the Treaty of Versaille in 1919. Citizens of Danzig opposed this at the time.
Saturday, October 25, 2008
Lipski meeting with Ribbentrop
Polish Ambassador to Germany, Józef Lipski, travelled to Bertesgaden yesterday to meet with German Foreign Minister Joachim Ribbentop. The topic of discussion is reportedly the Free City of Danzig.
The Free City of Danzig, a Baltic Sea port, was created on 10 January 1920, against the wishes of the local population but in accordance with the terms of Part III, Section XI of the Treaty of Versailles of 1919.
The Free City includes the city of Danzig and over two hundred nearby towns, villages, and settlements, all of which had been a part of the former German Empire. As the League of Nations decreed, the region is to remain separate from the nation of Germany, as well as the newly-resurrected nation of Poland. The Free City is not autonomous; it is under League of Nations "protection" and put into a binding customs union with Poland.
Poland also has other, special utilization rights towards the city. A peninsula, Westerplatte, is a munitions dumping ground as well as a military post. Poland also has a Post Office there and other support services.
Yesterday, October 24 is also the 17th anniversary of the Treaty of Warsaw.
The Free City of Danzig, a Baltic Sea port, was created on 10 January 1920, against the wishes of the local population but in accordance with the terms of Part III, Section XI of the Treaty of Versailles of 1919.
The Free City includes the city of Danzig and over two hundred nearby towns, villages, and settlements, all of which had been a part of the former German Empire. As the League of Nations decreed, the region is to remain separate from the nation of Germany, as well as the newly-resurrected nation of Poland. The Free City is not autonomous; it is under League of Nations "protection" and put into a binding customs union with Poland.
Poland also has other, special utilization rights towards the city. A peninsula, Westerplatte, is a munitions dumping ground as well as a military post. Poland also has a Post Office there and other support services.
Yesterday, October 24 is also the 17th anniversary of the Treaty of Warsaw.
Wednesday, September 24, 2008
No Jewish Doctors in Danzig
This afternoon, the Danzig Senate annuls all work permits of Jewish Doctors who received their degrees in Germany. Reportedly, this decree affects every practicing Jewish physician in Danzig save one.
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